A prostate gland biopsy is performed to determine whether the lump found in the prostate gland is cancer and the reasons for higher levels of prostate specific antigen (PSA) in the blood. The test involves removing small samples of prostate tissue for examination under microscope. These tissue sample taken in this process are studied for cancer cells intestinal organoid.

The biopsy involves insertion of a thin needle through the rectum called as trans rectal biopsy (most commonly used method), and then through the urethra; or insertion of thin needle through an area in between scrotum and anus called as perineum.

A biopsy is performed when the blood test reveals high levels of prostate specific antigen (PSA), or if a digital rectal examination (DRE) finds a lump or an abnormal prostate in the prostate gland.

Purpose of a Biopsy

The biopsy is mainly performed to find out whether:

The lump or abnormal prostate found in the prostate gland is cancer.
And the causes of high levels of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) in the blood.
Trans rectal Biopsy (Through the rectum)

After making the patient lie down in a proper position, before the biopsy is performed, the patient will be given a local anesthetic around the prostate gland.

Generally, Trans rectal ultrasound (TRUS) is used to guide the needle to find the proper location for collecting samples. A spring loaded needle is entered into the prostate gland and removes 6 to 12 samples from the prostate.

This process may also be performed by attaching the doctor’s finger to the needle guide.

Transurethral biopsy (Through the urethra)

After making the patient lie down on his back with